A Review on Biosurfactant Properties, Production and Producing Microorganisms

Biosurfactants are structurally diverse surface-active agents mostly produced by various genera of bacteria, yeast and filamentous fungi that have a wide range applications properties. They surface interfacial activity, temperature pH tolerance, biodegradability, low toxicity anti-adhesive property. Their production was reported to be affected temperature, PH, aeration agitation, salt concentration carbon nitrogen sources. Bacteria species the Acinetobacter, Arthrobacter, Agrobacterium, Antarctobacter, Bacillus, Clostridium, Lactobacillus, Halomonas, Serratia, Rhodococcus Aspergillus, penicillium, like Candida, Yarrowia, Torulopsis, Pseudozyma, Saccharomyces were most notable biosurfactant producing microorganisms. Surfactin, lichenysin, rhamnolipid, Sapporolipid, liposan, viscosin, alasan, subtilisin among biosurfactants. The need expand knowledge physiology, genetics biochemistry biosurfactant-producing strains development process technology will help reduce costs.